Contoh kalimat kata kerja Simple Present Tense

SIMPLE PRESENT

 Pola Kalimat

(+) S + V-1 (s/es) + O + keterangan waktu.

(-) S + do/does + not + V-1 + O + keterangan waktu.

(?) Do/does + S + V-1 + O + keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

(+) You study English at MEC every day.

(-) You don't study English at MEC every day.

(?) Do you study English at MEC every day?

1.      Kalau subjek kalimat orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular-she/he/it), kata kerja harus ditambah dengan "s" atau "es" dalam kalimat positif (positive statement). Contoh: Mary usually goes swimming on Saturday morning. Mother always serves our breakfast before we go to school. My brother likes playing tennis on Sunday morning.

2.      Akhiran "s" pada kata kerja Pada umumnya kata kerja ditambah dengan akhiran "s" jika subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular - he/she/it). Contoh: I work five days a week. We play tennis every Sunday The boys play in the garden She works five days a week. Father takes a train to go to office. A mouse eats my food every morning

3.      Akhiran "es" digunakan pada kata kerja yang huruf akhirnya "s, ch, sh, x, o", jika subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal. Sedangkan kata kerja yang huruf akhimya "y" dan didahului huruf mati, y ditukar dulu dengan "i" kemudian ditambah "es" Contoh: I pass the house. You watch television. We wash our clocthes. They go to office. I study English He passes the house. John goes to office. She washes her clothes. She watches television. He studies English

4.      Kalimat menyangkal (negative) Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan "do not/don't atau does not/doesn't" sesudah subjek kalimat. "Doesn't" digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (he doesn't, she doesn't, it doesn't), sedangkan "don't" digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I don't, you don't, we don't, they don't). Contoh: You don't go swimming on Monday. We don't work on Saturday. I don't work at the aircraft factory. He doesn't work on Saturday. My brother doesn't play football every day. John doesn't work at the aircraft company .

5.      Kalimat tanya (interrogative) Kalimat tanya (interrogative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan kata Bantu "do atau does"di depan kalimat. "Does" digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (he, she, it), sedangkan "do" digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I, you, we, they). "Do/does" dalam kalimat tanya artinya"apakah" dan kata kerjanya tidak lagi menggunakan akhiran "s/es" walaupun subjek kalimatnya orang ketiga tunggal Contoh: Do you always go to office by train? Do they go swimming every Sunday? Do the boys like this film? Does your brother work for bank Mandiri ? Does he go swimming every Sunday? Does the boy like this film?

6.      Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah sebagai berikut: DO digunakan oleh subject I, you, we, dan they. DOES digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it. B. Penggunaan 1. Simple Present digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu peristiwa, kejadian, kegiatan yang terjadi berulang-ulang, atau merupakan suatu kebiasaan (habit). Contoh: I leave for office at 6 every morning. My father works five days a week. Father always drinks tea in the afternoon.

Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu fakta (fact) atau suatu yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth). Contoh: The River Nile flows into Mediterranean. Jet engines make a lot of noise. Vegetarians don't eat meat and fish.

Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu yang akan terjadi di waktu yang akan datang, jika kita membicarakan suatu Jadwal, program, dan lain-lain. Contoh: The second train leaves at 10 a.m. The football match starts at 4 p.m tomorrow. The second film begins at 7 p.m. C. Keterangan Waktu (Adverb of time)

1.      Adverb of frequency

-          always : selalu Usually : biasanya

-          generally : umumnya

-          ever : pernah

-          Sometimes : kadang-kadang

-          occasionally : kadarag-kaclang

-          never : tidak pernah

-          Seldom : jarang

2.      Adverb of quantity

-          once … : sekali ...

-          once a day : sekali dalam sehari

-          once a week : sekali dalam seminggu

-          twice … : dua kali ...

-          three times … : tiga kali dalam ...

-          every … : setiap ...